Pangolin Facts The Worlds Most Trafficked Animal

The pangolin is an unusual-looking mammal that is covered with scales instead of fur. The scales are made of keratin, the same protein found in hair and fingernails. Threatened pangolins roll into a ball and are so protected by the scales that most large predators cant bite into them. The name pangolin comes from the Malay word pengguling, which means one who rolls up. Fast Facts: Pangolin Scientific Name: Order PholidotaCommon Names: Pangolin, scaly anteaterBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: 45 inches to 4.5 feetWeight: 4 to 72 poundsLifespan: Unknown (20 years in captivity)Diet: CarnivoreHabitat: Asia and sub-Saharan AfricaPopulation: UnknownConservation Status: Endangered Species Pangolins are mammals in the order Pholidota. There are several extinct species and only one extant family, Manidae. Four species in the genus Manis live in Asia. Two species in the genus Phataginus live in Africa. Two species in the genus Smutsia live in Africa. Pangolin in the hands of a poacher, rolled into its defensive position. Fabian von Poser, Getty Images Description The pangolin is sometimes called the scaly anteater. Pangolins share a similar body shape, long snout, and long tongue with the giant anteaters, but they are actually more closely related to dogs, cats, and bears. Pangolins range in size from the size of a house cat to over four feet long. Mature males can be 40% larger than females. Average pangolin size ranges from 45 inches to 4.5 feet, with a weight between 4 and 72 pounds. Habitat and Distribution The Chinese, Sunda, Indian, and Philippine pangolins live in Asia, although no wild pangolin has been seen in China in several years. The ground, giant, black-bellied, and white-bellied pangolin live in Africa. Distribution of pangolin species. Craig Pemberton, Creative Commons License Diet and Behavior While pangolins arent closely related to anteaters, they do eat ants and termites. These nocturnal insectivores consume 4.9 to 7.1 ounces of insects each day. Pangolins lack teeth, so they swallow small stones to help digest prey. While they hunt using their sense of smell, pangolins seal their nose and ears and close their eyes when feeding. They use strong claws to dig into the ground and vegetation to access prey, which they retrieve using long tongues coated with sticky saliva. Reproduction and Offspring Except for mating, pangolins are solitary creatures. Males mark territory using scent from anal glands, urine, and feces. In summer or autumn, females track the odor to find a mate. If there is competition for the female, males use their tails as clubs to fight for dominance. After mating, the female seeks or digs a burrow to give birth and raise her young. Gestation time depends on species and ranges from 70 to 140 days. Asian species give birth to one to three offspring, while African pangolins usually give birth to one. At birth, the young are about 5.9 inches long and weigh between 2.8 to 15.9 ounces. Their scales are white and soft, but harden and darken within a few days. The mother and her young remain within the burrow for the first two to four weeks after birth. The female nurses her young and wraps her body around them if threatened. Initially, offspring cling to the females tail. As they grow, they ride on her back. Offspring are weaned around 3 months of age, but stay with their mother until they are 2 years old and sexually mature. The life span of wild pangolins is unknown. Most probably die before they reach sexual maturity. In captivity, they have been known to live 20 years. However, pangolins are not well-adapted to captivity, so its possible they may be able to live even longer. A female pangolin carries her young on her back. Charles Van Zyl / EyeEm, Getty Images Conservation Status The IUCN lists all eight species of pangolin as threatened with extinction, with classifications ranging from vulnerable to critically endangered. While all populations are (rapidly) decreasing, the number of remaining animals is unknown. Taking a census of pangolins is hampered by their nocturnal behavior and habitat preference. All pangolin species are listed under Appendix I of CITES as prohibited for international trade except via permit. Threats Pangolins face few predators in the wild, but are the most trafficked animal on the planet. Over one million pangolins were illegally trafficked to China and Vietnam in the last decade. The animal is poached for its meat and its scales. The scales are ground and used to make traditional medicines in Africa and Asia that are used to treat a wide variety of ailments, including asthma, cancer, and difficulty lactating. While there is no scientific evidence such treatments work, their use is deeply ingrained in local culture. Pangolins do not fare well in captivity because of their specific diet and naturally suppressed immune function. However, recent advances have led to captive breeding of the animals, so there is some hope they may be raised and later released into natural habitats. Yet, the other significant threat faced by the pangolin is habitat loss and degradation. Much of the animals range is subject to deforestation. Sources Boakye, Maxwell Kwame; Pietersen, Darren William; Kotzà ©, Antoinette; Dalton, Desirà ©-Lee; Jansen, Raymond (2015-01-20). Knowledge and uses of African pangolins as a source of traditional medicine in Ghana. PLOS ONE. 10 (1): e0117199. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117199Dickman, Christopher R. (1984). MacDonald, D. (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Mammals. New York: Facts on File. pp. 780–781. ISBN 978-0-87196-871-5.  Mohapatra, R.K.; Panda, S. (2014). Behavioural descriptions of Indian pangolins (Manis crassicaudata) in captivity. International Journal of Zoology. 2014: 1–7. doi:10.1155/2014/795062Schlitter, D.A. (2005). Order Pholidota. In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 530–531. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.Yu, Jingyu; Jiang, Fulin; Peng, Jianjun; Yin, Xilin; Ma, Xiaohua (2015). The First Birth and Survival of Cub in Captivity of Critically Endangered Malay an Pangolin (Mariis javanica). Agricultural Science Technology. 16 (10).

Using Generalized Anxiety Disorder - 1180 Words

Imagine while writing a term paper trying to figure out how to start a proper introduction, a text message is received from a loved one reading, â€Å"I am on my way home now. see you soon.† You reply, â€Å"Okay drive safe.† Moments pass and the feeling of worry slowly starts to kick in wondering if they are driving safe, if they are checking their mirrors before switching lanes, if they have their seatbelt on, and if the tires are still good on the car. Then in a matter of minutes, ‘if’ turns into ‘what if’. What if they got into an accident, hostage by terrorist, got kidnapped by mafia, and other things that are not likely to happen while on the road. This constant worry, nervousness, and tension just continuously grows and envelopes you, rendered unable to even complete normal tasks like writing this introduction. This is just a small example of what someone with Generalized Anxiety Disorder may go through on a daily business every moment d uring their day. The topics that are going to be covered in this paper are what is GAD and what are the signs and symptoms, how does GAD affect the ability to perform normal activities of daily living, and an overall summary with my assigned individual at SDC for his Intensive Learning Project. What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder â€Å"Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive worry about a variety of topics.†(Craighead, 2008) At first I found it hard to believe that Generalized Anxiety Disorder was a real debilitatingShow MoreRelatedThe Phobia of Social Anxiety1435 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Anxiety also known as Social phobia was finally added to the list of anxiety disorders in the year of 1986. Social Anxiety Disorder has the earliest onset of almost any mental disorder. 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A Guide to Critical and Creative Free Essays

Similar illness in one community suggests that there must be a connection between the environment and the illnesses. Acting on that hunch, I would conduct interviews with the families and people that are affected. All ideas and procedures in this easy can be found in chapter 10. We will write a custom essay sample on A Guide to Critical and Creative or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Ruggiero, 2012). I would ask them when did the symptoms start and what their official diagnosis, if any, has their doctor gave them. The assumptions that the land itself has to be the source of the contamination could hinder the investigation. To critically think about the issue I will have to brainstorm some questions to be answered. What company or companies built the houses? Who was in charge of overseeing the building codes? What companies were the building materials bought from? Is this company following all rules of the EPA? What industries are close by? What do they produce and what is their environmental impact? At this time, I cannot assume that everyone will be open for interviews or share my passion for investigating the issue. I will keep in mind that some of the information will be hear-say or secondhand information that may not be accurate. This type of information may lead to more interviews to check the source of the information. I would do research at the library to check maps of the area before it was developed. The court house would have information about the land to look into also. Close by communities that have been developed years earlier may hold clues. I would ask around in those communities for a few leads on whom I may interview there. The symptoms and diagnosis of the people involved was the first clue as to what is the common denominator of this issue. Investigating the land before it was developed may lead to answers. This was the first assumption or hunch. The answers received from this part of the investigation may not match up to the symptoms that could arise from the state of the land before it was developed. The next investigation would involve the materials that the homes are built out of. Even if the same contractor did not build all the houses, I must find out if the contractors may have used a common supplier. All through the investigation, the symptoms and illness must match the possible causes. To critically think about the issue, all possibilities must be considered. It could be that two materials that by themselves are harmless, were used together to create a harmful environment. It is possible that the contractors may not want to speak about their practices concerning the development of this community. This would be the time to look for ex-employees to interview. I may face criticism for my efforts to find the cause of the illnesses. The criticism may be very helpful to my investigation. No matter how much I think I am correct or perfect, there is always room for more information and improvement. I must take into consideration how my ideas match up with the information collected with both positive and negative feedback. Trying to save face and convincing people that my ideas are correct are not important. My curiosity will lead me to ask questions that lead to answers that lead to more questions. I will fight the erg to become trapped by my previous miscalculations. The facts in the case and the process of elimination will help lead the way. I must stay open to the possibilities that a previous eliminated cause or idea may still have a role to play in solving the problem. Similar illness in one community suggests that there must be a connection between the environment and the illnesses. Acting on that hunch, I would conduct interviews with the families and people that are affected. All ideas and procedures in this easy can be found in chapter 10. (Ruggiero, 2012). I would ask them when did the symptoms start and what their official diagnosis, if any, has their doctor gave them. The assumptions that the land itself has to be the source of the contamination could hinder the investigation. To critically think about the issue I will have to brainstorm some questions to be answered. What company or companies built the houses? Who was in charge of overseeing the building codes? What companies were the building materials bought from? Is this company following all rules of the EPA? What industries are close by? What do they produce and what is their environmental impact? At this time, I cannot assume that everyone will be open for interviews or share my passion for investigating the issue. I will keep in mind that some of the information will be hear-say or secondhand information that may not be accurate. This type of information may lead to more interviews to check the source of the information. I would do research at the library to check maps of the area before it was developed. The court house would have information about the land to look into also. Close by communities that have been developed years earlier may hold clues. I would ask around in those communities for a few leads on whom I may interview there. The symptoms and diagnosis of the people involved was the first clue as to what is the common denominator of this issue. Investigating the land before it was developed may lead to answers. This was the first assumption or hunch. The answers received from this part of the investigation may not match up to the symptoms that could arise from the state of the land before it was developed. The next investigation would involve the materials that the homes are built out of. Even if the same contractor did not build all the houses, I must find out if the contractors may have used a common supplier. All through the investigation, the symptoms and illness must match the possible causes. To critically think about the issue, all possibilities must be considered. It could be that two materials that by themselves are harmless, were used together to create a harmful environment. It is possible that the contractors may not want to speak about their practices concerning the development of this community. This would be the time to look for ex-employees to interview. I may face criticism for my efforts to find the cause of the illnesses. The criticism may be very helpful to my investigation. No matter how much I think I am correct or perfect, there is always room for more information and improvement. I must take into consideration how my ideas match up with the information collected with both positive and negative feedback. Trying to save face and convincing people that my ideas are correct are not important. My curiosity will lead me to ask questions that lead to answers that lead to more questions. I will fight the erg to become trapped by my previous miscalculations. The facts in the case and the process of elimination will help lead the way. I must stay open to the possibilities that a previous eliminated cause or idea may still have a role to play in solving the problem. How to cite A Guide to Critical and Creative, Papers

Peer Gynt Monologue Essay Example For Students

Peer Gynt Monologue Essay A monologue from the play by Henrik Ibsen NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from The Collected Works of Henrik Ibsen, vol. iv: Peer Gynt. Trans. William and Charles Archer. New York: Charles Scribner\s Sons, 1911. PRIEST: Now, when the soul has gone to meet its doom, And here the dust lies, like an empty pod, Now, my dear friends, we\ll speak a word or two About this dead man\s pilgrimage on earth. He was not wealthy, neither was he wise, His voice was weak, his bearing was unmanly, He spoke his mind abashed and faltering, He scarce was master at his own fireside; He sidled into church, as though appealing For leave, like other men, to take his place. It was from Gudbrandsdale, you know, he came. When here he settled he was but a lad; And you remember how, to the very last, He kept his right hand hidden in his pocket. That right hand in the pocket was the feature That chiefly stamped his image on the mind, And therewithal his writhing, his abashed Shrinking from notice wheresoe\er he went. But, though he still pursued a path aloof, And ever seemed a stranger in our midst, You all know what he strove so hard to hide, The hand he muffled had four fingers only. I well remember, many years ago, One morning; there were sessions held at Lunde. \Twas war-time, and the talk in every mouth Turned on the country\s sufferings and its fate. I stood there watching. At the table sat The Captain, \twixt the Bailiff and the sergeants; Lad after lad was measured up and down, Passed, and enrolled, and taken for a soldier. The room was full, and from the green outside, Where thronged the young folks, loud the laughter rang. A name was called, and forth another stepped, One pale as snow upon the glacier\s edge. They bade the youth advance; he reached the table; We saw his right hand swaddled in a clout; He gasped, he swallowed, battling after words, But, though the Captain urged him, found no voice. Ah yes, at last! Then with his cheek aflame, His tongue now failing him, now stammering fast He mumbled something of a scythe that slipped By chance, and shore his finger to the skin. Straightway a silence fell upon the room. Men bandied meaning glances; they made mouths; They stoned the boy with looks of silent scorn. He felt the hail-storm, but he saw it not. Then up the Captain stood, the grey old man; He spat, and pointed forth, and thundered Go! And the lad went. On both sides men fell back, Till through their midst he had to run the gauntlet. He reached the door; from there he took to flight; Up, up he went,through wood and over hillside, Up through the stone-screes, rough, precipitous. He had his home up there among the mountains. It was some six months later he came here, With mother, and betrothed, and little child. He leased some ground upon the high hill-side, There where the waste lands trend away towards Lomb. He married the first moment that he could; He built a house; he broke the stubborn soil; He throve, as many a cultivated patch Bore witness, bravely clad in waving gold. At church he kept his right hand in his pocket, But sure I am at home his fingers nine Toiled every whit as hard as others\ ten. One spring the torrent washed it all away. Their lives were spared. Ruined and stripped of all, He set to work to make another clearing; And, ere the autumn, smoke again arose From a new, better-sheltered, mountain farmhouse. Sheltered? From torrentnot from avalanche; Two years, and all beneath the snow lay buried. But still the avalanche could not daunt his spirit. He dug, and raked, and cartedcleared the ground And the next winter, ere the snow-blasts came, A third time was his little homestead reared. Three sons he had, three bright and stirring boys; They must to school, and school was far away; And they must clamber, where the hill-track failed, By narrow ledges past the headlong scree. What did he do? The eldest had to manage As best he might, and, where the path was worst, His father bound a rope round him to stay him; The others on his back and arms he bore. Thus he toiled, year by year, till they were men. Now might he well have looked for some return. In the New World, three prosperous gentlemen Their school-going and their father have forgotten. He was short-sighted. Out beyond the circle Of those most near to him he nothing saw. To him seemed meaningless as cymbals\ tinkling Those words that to the heart should ring like steel. His race, his fatherland, all things high and shining, Stood ever, to his vision, veiled in mist. But he was humble, humble, was this man; And since that sessions-day his doom oppressed him, As surely as his cheeks were flushed with shame, And his four fingers hidden in his pocket Offender \gainst his country\s laws? Ay, true! But there is one thing that the law outshineth Sure as the snow-white tent of Glittertind Has clouds, like higher rows of peaks, above it. No patriot was he. Both for church and state A fruitless tree. But there, on the upland ridge, In the small circle where he saw his calling, There he was great, because he was himself. His inborn note rang true unto the end. His days were as a lute with muted strings. And therefore, peace be with thee, silent warrior, That fought the peasant\s little fight, and fell! It is not ours to search the heart and reins; That is no task for dust, but for its ruler; Yet dare I freely, firmly, speak my hope: He scarce stands crippled now before his God! .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7 , .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7 .postImageUrl , .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7 , .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7:hover , .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7:visited , .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7:active { border:0!important; } .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7:active , .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7 .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3bebc5c426ddf0cb32064be4a824ceb7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Prometheus Unbound Monologue Essay Assignment